- Few evangelicals and few who identify as Christians. The Sikhs sent Jassa Singh Ramgarhia as their envoy to Adina Beg in 1740 when he was only 17 years of age. [3] One significant project in which they and other Punjabi Sikhs were involved was the cion of the railway linking the present-day countries of Kenya and Uganda, which was completed in 1901. King Rehal, King of Rehal dynasty. Joshua Project makes every effort to ensure that the subject in an image is in fact from the specific people group. Adi Parashakti or Mahadevi, the supreme power, is called Durga Shakti as per Devi-Mahatmya. "The Other Sikhs: Bridging Their Diaspora", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ramgarhia&oldid=1142670192, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 19:20. Jassa Singh was born in 1723 in the village of Ichogil, son of Giani Bhagwan Singh whose father S. Hardas Singh had been baptised by the 10th Guru, Guru Gobind Singh Himself. Discriminating against other people and claiming superiority however is wrong. There is little information on Ramgariha Sikhs among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate. B * Babra * Bachu * Bansal * Bahra * Bamrah * Bara * Barhey * Bari * Baharha * Bhachu * Bhachoo * Bhamber * Bhambher * This period was an interlude, lasting roughly from the time of the death of Baba Banda Bahadur in 1716 to the founding of the Sikh Empire in 1801. In 1758, After the death of Adina Beg he collaborate with Jai Singh Kanhaiya, He capture Sri Hargobindpur, and Miani and established his headquarters at Sri Hargobindpur, In 1763, he sacked Kasur along with Jai Singh Kanhaiya and Hari Singh Dhillon, the Ramgarhias and kanhaiyas share all their booty equally, on this occasion he tried to keep all the booty for himself, As a result, his relationship with Jai singh Kanhaiya deteriorated. There are two broad categories: Jat (jut) and Khat (t)ri (kh schwa t r long e). In that, according to Peter Childs, the Ramgarhias today rank second only to the Jat Sikhs, thanks to significant economic and social power that elevated this middle class group from its lower caste confines. About Us - Midwest Sikh Gurudwara Lord Rama, Seventh avatar of God Vishnu and the king of Ayodhya. Khatris are historically merchants or, less commonly, warriors. My Brother, No One Is Higher Than Anyone. Everyone Is Equal, All People In World Are Same. Guru Gobind Singh Ji Finished All This Caste System By G This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 16:31. Those members who were mainly from It is open to every one regardless of age, sex, caste, or creed. [3] Generally, Sikh carpenters use Ramgarhia as a surname whereas Hindu carpenters use Dhiman. These often reflect the profession or caste of the family. An equestrian statue[19] of Sardar Jassa Singh Ramgharia has been installed in Amritsar, Punjab. Meat or intoxicants (alcohol, cigarettes, drugs etc.) 4 Where does the last name Janda come from? The mud-fortress was besieged and skirmishes continued for four months in which two hundred Sikhs lost their lives. The Sanskrit term kshatriya is used in the context of Vedic society wherein members organized themselves into three classes: Brahmin, Kshatriya, and Vaishya. Mazhabis and Ranghretas are the second major segment of Dalit Sikhs. Five Sikh leaders including Budh Singh, Jassa Singh Ramgarhia and others named Kapur Singh Jathedar of the Dal Khalsa. The Gurdwara plays a socio-economic role in the Sikh community. The Sikh community in Kansas City dates from the 1960s. After the death of Jassa Singh Ahluvalia in October 1783, there were further fissures in the Dal Khalsa. Copyright 2023 Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. All rights reserved. Most regrettably, Dalit Sikhs like their counterparts in the Hindu caste hierarchy are placed on the lowest rung of the Sikh caste hierarchy. He covers news in Jalandhar, Nawanshahr and Hoshiarpur, and writes on environmental issues, heritage preservation and politics. That is because untold numbers of Ramgarhia Sikhs were sent from the Punjab to Africa in the late 1800s to help the British construct railroads. At the same time, it is not at odds with Sikhism to claim you are a Jatt just like it is not at odds to say you are an Italian Sikh. Best Answer. The Jandu surname derives from the Ramgarhia group from North India, Punjab. Ramgarhia sikh surname - SikhiWiki, free Sikh encyclopedia. Their traditional occupations were carpenters, stonemasons and blacksmiths. It's not easy to anwser because Sikhism strongly denies caste system but people under the influence modified punjabi culture still use it. The community was formed with only five families and originally met every Sunday in the homes of members. In rare instances a representative photo may be used. Janda (Czech feminine: Jandov) is a surname of Czech origin. Clear editor. JATT SURNAMES: A: Anuja, Anwal, Arab, Arar, Atwal, Arya, Asar or Asra, Athangal, Aujla, Aulakh or Aurak, . They were primarily scavengers before their conversion to Sikhism. At the Diwan's intercession, Mir Manna raised the siege, though the fortress of Ram Rauni was completely destroyed. There are two broad categories: Jat (jut) and Khat(t)ri (kh schwa t r long e). Scripture Prayers for the Ramgarhia in India. His hobbies include reading up on a variety of subjects. - Few evangelicals, but many who identify as Christians. According to W. H. McLeod, his birthplace was the village of Ichogil, near Lahore, whilst H. S. Singha surname Map Design: Joshua Project, Joshua Project data is drawn from many sources and of varying accuracy depending on source and editorial decisions. Ramgarhia - Wikipedia Adina Beg attacked the fort of Ram Rauni. (an epithet of the god Shiva). Both were enemies of Jai Singh Kanhaiya, Jassa Singh hurried from Tosham at the head of his whole force, and stopped at Jagraon, where Maha Singh agent's met him to form the plan of action, A Kanhaiya force tried to check Ramgarhias but failed a hard battle was fought near Achal, Jai Singh heir apparent Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya was killed in the engagement, Jassa Singh Ramgarhia recovered his all lost territories he established his headquarter at Batala.[18]. Ramgarhia means "those who construct forts." Map geography: UNESCO / GMI. They were traditionally herders and became farmers eventually. Being a Jatt is not at odds with Sikhism because they are not superior to anybody inherently. The Singhs inside the fort did not surrender even after two months of siege. Though a lower caste, they traced their origin to the Bhati Rajputs of Rajasthan. These are the longest-lived members of the Rehal family on AncientFaces. Ramgarhia Bunga He was among the crop of those Sikhs who fought against all odds for survival of their newly founded religion and stood up to the evil Zakaria Khan. Are there famous people from the Rehal family? He joined forces with Adina Beg, who appointed him a risaldar (commander), but switche Beg's siege and, in 1752, rebuilt the damaged fort. Notable people with the surname include: This page lists people with the surname Janda. WebMANGAL SINGH RAMGARHIA. Please. This surname is usually confused with Reehal, which is the surname associated to Ramgarhia and Jat community. Punjab's many Dalit Sikhs Ramdasia, Ravidasia, You can post now and register later. Leave comments and ask questions related to the Rehal family. The Reference section includes Mahankosh, Guru Granth Kosh,and exegesis like Faridkot Teeka, Guru Granth Darpan . One of the prominent military leaders of the Sikhs in the second half of the eighteenth century, was born in 1723 at Ichogill, a village 20 km east of Lahore. one of the earliest jathedar to sri akal takhat (highest Sikh authority) belongs to this caste. The Punjabi Khatri surname Rehal is pronounced as RAY-hal. Punjabs dalit conundrum: A look into Sikhs' caste identity Ramgarh was besieged. [8][pageneeded], Jassa Singh rose to command the Sikh misl that became later known as Ramgarhia and built a fort called Ram Rauni and Ramgarhia Bunga (watchtower) at Amritsar. Father of Jodh Singh Ramgharia and Baba Veer Singh WebRamgarhia Sikhs have their origins in the Punjab. Jai Singh was defeated and his son Gurbakhsh Singh killed. Ramgarhia [3][4], Ramgarhias traditionally mostly carpenters but included other artisan occupations such as stonemasons and blacksmiths. Ramgarhia History (Famous Ramgarhia Sikhs) Part Surnames Dr Ronki Ram is professor of political science, Panjab University. Thereafter, all Sikh places of worship came to be known as gurdwaras. Sikh Surnames . Clans . These often reflect the profession or caste of the family. There are two broad categories: Jat (jut) and Khat(t)ri (kh schwa t r long e). Jats are historically land-owners, farmers or warriors. Khatris are historically merchants or, less commonly, warriors. Their nomadic lifestyle Sansis were primarily hunters and shepherds is considered the main cause of their social exclusion, backwardness, degradation to a lower caste. The Rehal families celebrate all the festivals related to the Great Devi Durga. In terms of social status, the Mazhabi, Ranghreta, Ramdasia, Ravidasia, Rai, and Sansi Sikhs far from being bracketed with the topmost castes, i.e., Jat, Khatri, and Arora Sikhs are categorised to be lower than Ramgarhia and Ahluwalia Sikhs. Jassa Singh Ahluwalia fearlessly stood like a mountain in the center close by him was Jassa Singh Thokah, looking like a lion in stature, the Qazi says that Ramgarhia has his own flag and war drum[11], In 1767, Ahmad Shah Durrani Invaded India for the eight time, while Ahamed Shah was crossing the river Beas, his passage was obstructed by Jassa Singh Ahluwalia and Jassa Singh Ramgarhia, a fierce contest took place in which Ahluwalia was severely wounded. [7] Now distant from their landlords in Punjab, who were mostly Jat Sikhs, the Ramgarhia diaspora in the Brahmaputra Valley of Assam were able to enhance their social status even higher. Lally is an Irish surname and refers to the clan name Maolalaidh. World Gurudwaras will strive to be most comprehensive directory of Historical Gurudwaras and Non Historical Gurudwaras around the world.The etymology of the term gurdwara is from the words Gur () (a reference to the Sikh Gurus) and Dwara () (gateway in Gurmukhi), together meaning the gateway through which the Guru could be reached. Ikshvaku, First king and the founder of Solar Dynasty. A big battle was fought between Jai Singh, Charat Singh, and Jassa Singh Ahluwalia on one side and Bhangis, Ramgarhias and their associates on the other side. Joshua Project may be able to provide more information than what is published on this site. At the height of his power, Jassd Singh's territory in the Bari Doab included Batala, Kaldnaur, Dinanagar, Sri Hargobindpur, Shahpur Kandi, Gurdaspur, Qadian, Ghuman, Matteval, and in the Jalandhar Doab, Urmur Tanda, Sarih, Miani, Garhdivala and Zahura. Jassa Singh Ramgarhia - Wikipedia At the height of his power, Jassa Singh's territory in the Bari Doab included Batala, Kaldnaur, Dinanagar, Sri Hargobindpur, Shahpur Kandi, Gurdaspur, Qadian, Ghuman, Matteval, and in the Jalandhar Doab, Urmur Tanda, Sarih, Miani, Garhdivala and Zahura. its all about image - if u got a foundation 4 an image then there u go put a name to it, like Jatt or Tarkhan den der ya go! The Ramgarhia-Kanhaiya cleavage over their adjoining territories in the districts of Gurdaspur and Hoshiarpur widened. This is done to avoid confusion regarding the current reality of a people group, to fix grammar and spelling and to avoid potentially offensive wording. Rope-makingwas theirtraditional occupation, though they were notorious for illicit liquor trade. Although Ramdasias and Ravidasias originated from Chamars, the former consider themselves superior to the latter. There are too many 'youths' or people of our generation who have strong ties with caste and recognise their own caste with immense pride. Matharu The presence of various castes, including Dalits, within Sikhism appears at the outset to be a misnomer, since Sikhism doesnt recognise any kind of social stratification. 11. Here all men, women and children are treated as equal. She is the protector of the whole Rehal clan. WebIndex to St. Louis, Missouri Naturalization Records Created after Sept. 27, 1906 . Rehal (IPA: /rehl/) (Punjabi: , Hindi: ) is a royal family name of the Punjabi kshatriyas. Ramgharia's Surname List - Ramgarhia "The Born Thus, she is considered the supreme goddess and primary deity in Shaktism, occupying a place similar to Lord Krishna in Vaishnavism. Sikhs like the Ramgarhias know God as creator, but they have also adopted a number of faulty views of the spiritual world because of false teachings. A History of the Sikhs states that Ram Singh, a Ramgarhia Sikh born in 1816 in the village of Bhaini, Ludhiana district, introduced changes to Sikhism that separated his followers from other Sikhs (1966, 128).Singh's followers came to be known The combined forces of Lahore and Jalandhar surrounded the fort. Jassa Singh Ramgarhia died in 1803 at the age of 80 Followers of Guru Ravidas, they are often mistaken as Dalit Sikhs, even though some of them keep beard and unshorn hair similar to the baptised Sikhs and worship Guru Granth Sahib. The community was formed with only five families and originally met every Sunday in the homes of members. Just like him, many Ramdasia Sikhs remain clean-shaven. The Sikh Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of Sikh Misls. Chauhan Jats are descendents of ancient time but jat chauhan become rajput after nount abu yagy. 60 death records. Together they marched upon the Kanhaiya citadel of Batala in 1787. As the Afghan threat receded, the Sikh sardars began fighting among themselves. 4: The Sikh Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of the Misis Ramgariya is not a caste but Tarkhan is a caste, ppl use "Ramgariya" because Jassa Singh "Ramgariya" established his misl and he was from the same "Tarkhan" caste. Although someone with the last name Khatter, a derivative of Khatri, could be part of the Arora clan, this does not necessarily form part of the legal name. Patiala, India:Publication Bureau, Punjabi University. There were nine hundred Sikhs in it, under Jassa Singh's command. The popularity of Mazhabis and Ranghretas in the Sikh religion has been established by a rhymeRanghrete Guru ke Bete(the Ranghretas are the sons of the Guru), attributed to them on account of the valorous act of bringing the severed head of ninth Guruof Sikhism, GuruTeghBahadur,from Delhi to Anandpur Sahib by the legendary Bhai Jaita, a Ranghreta. JATT SURNAMES: A: Anuja, Anwal, Arab, Arar, Atwal, Arya, Asar or Asra, Athangal, Aujla, Aulakh or Aurak, . But the curse of casteism was not so easily shed, and even in their new religious avatar, social exclusion continued to benight them. One segment of Dalit Sikhs consists of Ravidasias (leather workers), and Ramdasias (weavers). What are Ramgarhia surnames? - Quora are not permitted on the Gurdwara premises. Over time, they managed to maintain a distinct sense of identity and culture despite major persecution by invading Arabs, Rajputs and Hindu elite. Interactive map, listing and data download, People Group data: Omid. Jai Singh Kanhaiya joined Jassa Singh Ahluvalia and the Ramgarhia Sardar had to flee the Punjab. What Can You Learn About Your Forebears From The Meaning Of Surnames. A conflict between Jai Singh Kanhaiya and Jassa Singh Ramgarhia developed and the Bhangi Misl sardars also developed differences with Jai Singh Kanhaiya. Wiki User. They were allegedly converted to Sikhism during the time of fourth Guru of the Sikh faith, Guru Ram Das. they will few found in Pakistan and India Punjab. 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Soon after 'Ram Rauni' was renamed 'Ram Garh', Jassa Singh was appointed its first commander (kiledar). At the same time, it is not at odds with Sikhism to claim you are a Jatt just like it is not at odds to say you are an Italian Sikh. The Gurdwara is also a place for discussing problems facing the Sikh community. Shoes should removed before entering the Divan or Langar Hall and placed in the designated areas. Ramgarhia surnames are primarily based on the caste of the people who either lived in the area or came to the area. To become a member of the Ramga In April 1758, Adina Beg became governor of the Punjab. During these times it was only the Jatt community that held a surname and most often the surname was the village to which they belonged . If PM heads PM Cares, how is it a 'private' fund? Dress modestly when attending the Gurdwara. Pg 276 hari ram gupta, Warrior-diplomat: Jassa Singh Ramgarhia - Harbans Singh Virdi. She was married either with Brahma and Vishnu. Ravidasias are very particular about their distinct faith and often assert their separate Dalit identity. A History of the Sikh Misals. Singha, Bhagata (1993). The meaning of the surname Rehal is Palace. Ramgarhia in India It was probably because they are, by caste, builders. You can explore these scriptures page by page, by chapter index or search for a keyword. Caste System was started in Hinduism by ancient Priests by using "manu smirti". Dalit Sikhs oftenlamentthat theyremainperipheral to structures of power even in Punjab, which is the only Sikh-majority state in the Indian Union, but the recentelevation of Charanjit Singh Channi a Ramdasia Sikh to the post of ChiefMinister, and thus the first ever Dalit CM of Punjab, has dramaticallypropelled the issues and political identity of Dalit Sikhsto the centre stage ofcontemporary Punjab politics. The Kul Devi of the royal Rehal families is Devi Durga. He became the Misldar of the Ramgarhia Misl ( army ). On-the-ground reality may vary from what is presented here. If you lived in British controlled Kenya in the earlier half of the 20th century, you might think that all Sikhs were moving to Africa! As per Sikhism there is no caste/race or cult. Jassa Singh Ramgarhia returned to the Punjab and allied himself with the Sukkarchakkias in order to destroy his old foe, Jai Singh Kanhaiya. Durga is Adi-Parashakti herself. [10] However, Joginder Singh says that they still lack influence in the Punjab, which is a region heavily dependent on agriculture and dominated by some influential peasant farmers, mostly Jat but also some from communities such as the Labanas and Sainis. The noble Rehal families are the descendants of the King Rehal. Under the Dal Khalsa banner, Jassa Singh Ramgarhia established his Misl of Ramgarhia around Amritsar, Gurdaspur and Batala His misl contained more then 5000 cavalry always on move and helping Dal Khalsa whenever Afghanis or Mughals attacked. However, in official records, they are still bracketed with Chamars, and counted as Hindus in the census records just like them. Eleven of these formed the core of the caste constituency Jat and Kamboh (agrarian); Khatri and Arora (mercantile); Tarkhan, Lohar, Nai, and Chhimba (artisan); Kalal (distiller); and Chamar and Chuhra (outcaste Dalits). Adi Parashakti or Devi Durga is a Hindu concept of the Ultimate Shakti or Mahashakti, the ultimate power inherent in all Creation. Jassa Singh died on 20 April 1803 at the age of 80. Guru Granth Sahib is placed on high palanquin under a canopy in the middle of one end of the hall. Sikh Youth growing up under pro-caste environment won't let it go. Today there are only about 5700 Ramgarhia people living in India. Sansis and Chamars are considered lower in hierarchy than the Mazhabis. Data is not as precise as it appears. Your link has been automatically embedded. From 1748 onwards Jassa Singh made the preservation and defence of 'Ram Garh' his main aim in life. The Sikhs crossed Jamuna at Barari Ghat and returned home, Jassa Singh come back to Tosham to deposit his booty[16], In beginning of January 1785, Jassa Singh Ramgarhia along with Baghel Singh, Gurdit Singh of Ladwa passed over Jamuna river, They plundered the village and towns of Sadaat-e-Bara, Zabita Khan did not stir out of his fort of Ghausgarh, they crossed the Ganga river and entered Rohilakhand, On 13 January, the villages of Barsi and mahmudpur were laid waste, On 14 January, They sacked Chandausi the great center of about 2000 bankers, rich merchants and jewellers was thoroughly squeezed and booty worth a crore of rupees was obtained in two days and nights,[17], Jassa Singh now turned his attention towards the Panjab, Sharp differences had arisen between Jai Singh Kanhaiya and Maha Singh over the booty of Jammu, Maha Singh invited Jassa Singh Ramgarhia and Sansar Chand katoch. Both sides drew out swords and were about to pounce upon each other when Jassa Singh Ahluwalia at once renounced the honour, Ramgarhia detached the throne of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb (on which he ordered the death of 9th guru Guru Teg Bahadur ji) and brought it on elephants and kept it at Golden Temple, Amritsar. the difference between a Rhamgharia & Jatt Ramdasia Sikhs got their name from the fourth Sikh Guru Memorandum on Sikhs by Captain B T Crowther, 23rd Pioneers, District Recruiting Officer, Sikh District, The wily faujdar, Adina Beg, prevailed upon Jassa Singh to accept office under hint, with a minor command of a regiment consisting of 100 Sikhs and 60 Hindus. Jassa Single and Jai Singh made numerous sallies killing a large number of the besiegers, but were ultimately forced to evacuate. In the hills Kangra, Nurpur, Mandi and Chamba paid him a tribute of two lakh of rupees. These are the earliest records we have of the Rehal family. WebBal is an sikh and muslim jat family. Thus Jassa Singh Ramgarhia won the battle of Ram Rauni. Devi Durga The surname Rehal belongs to the high Khatri caste. Each caste has its sphere of influence Claiming that Jatts are superior is stupid and is like saying Italians are superior to French. After Abdali's third invasion, Mir Mannu was defeated, Kaura Mal killed and Punjab became a part of the Afghan Empire. When in October 1748, the Sikhs gathered at Amritsar to celebrate the festival of Divali, Mir Mannu, the new provincial governor, marched upon the city to expel the Sikhs. Jassa Singh Ramgharia (Lived: 1723 - 1803), was one of the greatest Sikh warrior and a military leader of 18th century. He was the founder of Ramgh WebThe place was named so in honour of fourth Sikh GuruShri Guru Ram Das Ji, who have founded the Amritsarcity. Mir Mannu deployed army patrols to finish the Sikhs of his province. Pray for the Lord to make agencies aware of the Ramgarhias. BY ANCESTRY.COM, 209 birth, 60 death, 28 marriage, 2 divorce, View This content can be configured within your theme settings in your ACP. The Ramgarhia Misl as well as the other Misls were a huge contributing factor to the creation of the Khalsa Empire under Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He retired to Cis-Satluj areas, Ramgarhia who had succeeded Hari Singh Dhillon as a leader of Taruna Dal took command of Dal Khalsa[12], In 1770, he led a plundering expedition into the hills, he defeated Raja Ghamand Chand, the most powerful hill Raja in battle of Talwara on the banks of river Beas, Raja Ghamand Chand and other Rajas of hills become tributary to him, He realised tribute of about two lakhs of rupees from Kangra hill states.[12]. The Ramgarhia Mislderives its name from this place which literally means Custodians of the Castle of God. The Sikhs left his territory and moved to other states. In 1745, he was deputed to settle terms with Adina Beg, the faujdar of the Jalandhar Doab, who was harassing the Sikhs under instructions from Nawab Zakariya Khan, the Mughal governor of Lahore. His father was named Bhagwan Singh, who himself was the son of Hardas Singh. In Punjab, the Kshatriya caste is more commonly termed as the "Khatri" caste. Rai Sikhs are mainly concentrated inPunjabsFerozepur, Jalandhar, Kapurthala, and Ludhiana districts. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. MANGAL SINGH RAMGARHIA But the Sikhs could not enjoy favours from Mir Mannu for long. Lally is also a Punjabi surname for the people belonging to various Punjab villages like Lallian Kalan Village near Lambran in Jalandhar. Both have 2 arms, 2 legs, 2 eyes, 2 ears, 1 mouth, red blood, 1 brain, 1 heart. Both bleed when injured. Both came here in birth & will leave in de Because Jatt is not a caste? The Census of 1881 and 1931 recorded various castes within the Sikh community, including Aroras, Ahluwalias, Bhattras, Chhimbas, Jats, Jheers, Khatris, Kambohs, Labanas, Lohars, Mahatam, Mazhabis, Nais, Ramgarhias, Ramdasias, Ranghretas, and Sainis. The Kshatriya caste is a noble blood royalty that is descended from the Kingly families. Its variants include Lalli and Lali. The meaning of the surname Rehal is Palace. What's the difference between a Rhamgharia & Jatt? Ramdasias were also originally Chamars, and are included within that group in Punjabs Scheduled Caste list. When Mir Mannu came to know of the gathering of Sikhs, he sent his general with an army to blockade Amritsar and sent words to Adina Beg to take his army to help his general in finishing the Sikhs. Media related to Jassa Singh Ramgarhia at Wikimedia Commons. Caste system was nothing but categories made on the bases of work/professions. Soon a body of 30,000 horse and foot under him and Karam Singh crossed into Saharanpur district, ravaging it freely. The community continued to operate out of private homes until 1978, when members began renting building space on Sundays in order to accommodate the expansion of their community. The Sikhs gathered at Amritsar on the occasion of Diwali in 1748 A.D. p. 119. http://sikhchic.com/article-detail.php?id=2532&cat=14, "Equestrian statue of Jassa Singh Ramgarhia in Amritsar, Punjab India", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jassa_Singh_Ramgarhia&oldid=1141149842, Articles with incomplete citations from August 2021, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, "The heritage of the Sikhs" by Harbans Singh.
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