Unconditioned means unlearned. This is an example of: Members of a family operate very independently of one another. Finally, acceptance techniques help reduce a clients worry and anxiety. A perfect run will not be possible because "I'm going to screw up!" The drug causes severe vomiting if a person drinks alcohol while taking the drug. b. exposure therapy. They also have not developed much in the way of theory, and the perspectives tend to work best with people suffering from adjustment issues and not as well with severe mental illness. b. superego. The neural impulse proceeds across the following steps: Lets look at the electrical portion of the process in another way and add some detail. Notice how the line has dropped below -70mV. Which of the following is a reason for which little controlled research has been devoted to the effectiveness of existential therapy?
The Biological Model of Abnormality Chapter Exam - Study.com A person who is isolated and lacks social support or intimacy is more likely to:
a. develop depression when under stress. There were times when something bit my foot while I was swimming, but I didn't get hurt at all. b. Learning has two main forms associative learning and observational learning. So, it is better to subscribe to a multi-dimensional model that integrates multiple causes of psychopathology and affirms that each cause comes to affect other causes over time. An important factor to consider when prescribing drugs for the treatment of abnormality would be that:
a. some people do not benefit from drug treatments. Figure 2.9 shows that that are two main components that make up a reinforcement schedule when you will reinforce and what is being reinforced. According to Bandura, all behaviors are learned by observing others, and we model our actions after theirs, so undesirable behaviors can be altered or relearned in the same way. Breuers wife, Mathilde, became jealous of her husbands relationship with the young girl, leading Breuer to terminate treatment in June of 1882 before Anna had fully recovered. The superego is partly conscious but mostly unconscious, and part of it becomes our conscience. The same is true of borderline personality disorder. Based on related research, we would expect this person to have a _____ number of offline friends and to _____ share information with them. Likewise, if our action leads to dissatisfaction, then we will not repeat the same behavior in the future. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is our heredity material. Multicultural psychologists assert that both normal behavior and abnormal behavior need to be understood in the context of the individuals unique culture and the groups value system. d. cognitive. 51. 79. "What an individual views as abnormal behavior in public may be the only way to effectively interact with family members.". b. What happens to the neurotransmitters that do not bind to a receptor site? a. psychodynamic
b. behavioral
c. humanist-existential
d. sociocultural. Humanists would say that an individual who cares about others and who is spontaneous, courageous, and independent is:
a. authentic. Evaluate the usefulness of the behavioral model. Cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and drug use during pregnancy are risk factors for ADHD. c. repression. 65. According to cognition-focused therapists, which is a factor in abnormal behavior? d. The client is classically conditioned to associate drinking with the negative experience of vomiting. d. displacement. 78. Freud believed that the three central forces that shape the personality were: instinctual needs, rational thinking, and moral standards. Lorenzo's therapist frequently reminds him that he has the power to change his situation and that he must take responsibility for his actions. a. humanistic therapy. The humanistic perspective focuses on positive regard, conditions of worth, and the fully functioning person while the existential perspective stresses the need for people to re-create themselves continually and be self-aware, acknowledges that anxiety is a normal part of life, focuses on free will and self-determination, emphasizes that each person has a unique identity known only through relationships and the search for meaning, and finally, that we develop to our maximum potential. The goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy is BEST described as: modifying the client's negative behavior and dysfunctional ways of thinking. The pituitary gland is the master gland which regulates other endocrine glands. d. lend itself easily to research. b. exposure therapy. Soon, the patient begins seeking the therapist's approval for all types of decisions, rather than just making the decisions herself. a. an actual symptom
b. the community mental health system
c. labeling
d. communication. Figure 2.2. c. Cultural factors might create a climate favorable for the development of certain disorders. a. Still, we violate these values at times and experience feelings of guilt. So, if you were afraid of clowns, you would be thrown into a room full of clowns. Little Albert made no response outside of curiosity (NSNR not shown). c. depression. _____ theory focuses on observable and conscious behaviors, whereas _____ theory focuses on unconscious processes. 155. 67. d. There is no one theoretical approach used in couple therapy. 148. Freuds psychosexual stages of personality development are listed below. Bacterial and viral infections. According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on exploring relationships among a persons thoughts, feelings and behaviors. The defense mechanism that BEST explains this behavior is:
a. intellectualization. a. sociocultural
b. biocultural
c. psychocultural
d. cognitive-cultural. The genes responsible for anxiety disorders or related psychological patterns are the same genes that once helped our ancestors survive and reproduce. Despite Freuds generalization, his theory was based on only a few patients. _____ theory focuses on observable and conscious behaviors, whereas _____ theory focuses on unconscious processes. 2.3.2.5. a. Fritz Perls
b. Joseph Wolpe
c. Abraham Maslow
d. Aaron Beck, 123. The processes described in this model occur at an unconscious level. 140. Which theorist would be MOST likely to advocate use of skillful frustration as a part of therapy? Describe the role of genes in mental illness. The central nervous system (CNS) is the control center for the nervous system, which receives, processes, interprets, and stores incoming sensory information. After several conditioning trials, the child responded with fear to the mere presence of the white rat (Panel C). Postconditioning, or after learning has occurred, establishes a new and not naturally occurring relationship of a conditioned stimulus (CS; previously the NS) and conditioned response (CR; the same response). Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used MOST often in the treatment of: Which of the following is NOT a weakness of the biological model of abnormal behavior? 2.3.3.6. 19. Which statement about paradigms is FALSE? Subjecting a person to a situation that causes the individual anxiety as a means of eliminating future anxiety is called: When I was a child, I loved to go swimming in a lake near my house. Messages moving from neuron to neuron must cross tiny spaces called:
a. dendrites. A psychologist from which background would agree MOST strongly with this statement? That is the idea, at least. Banduras Classic Experiment. She has developed depression due to a serotonin deficiency. If it receives sufficient stimulation, causing the polarity inside the neuron to rise from -70 mV to -55mV (. 2.3.3.3. Neural transmission. According to Freud's psychodynamic theory, the part of the personality that operates by the morality principle is the: Which statement is TRUE regarding electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)? A primary prevention approach is expected to be MOST beneficial for mental health issues with:
a. unknown causes. 47. b. ego. 83. In this family, the children are also discouraged from asking for advice or seeking support. a. the humanistic-existential model
b. the family-social perspective
c. the cognitive model
d. the psychodynamic model, 11. Which is an example of latent content? b. psychoanalysis.
Simply, she placed the child in one end of a room and then brought in the rabbit. a. modeling. d. flight of ideas. Over time I learned that attention was good. This should sound much like what you just read about in terms of Thorndikes work. b. support the ideas of positive psychology. The _____ model proposes that humans must have an accurate self-awareness and live meaningful lives to be psychologically well adjusted. d. acceptance and commitment, 97. c. prejudice and discrimination faced by women. In terms of the biological model, neurotransmitters, brain structures, hormones, genes, and viral infections were identified as potential causes of mental illness and three treatment options were given. Which type of theorist would focus on the athletes illogical thinking process as a key factor in her subsequent poor performance? In order to prevent anxiety in the future, it is common practice to expose someone to stressful situations. Providing routine mental health screenings, followed by immediate intervention as needed. Conditioning is when learning occurs. c. poverty is a stressor that contributes to dysfunction. Types include habituation, or when we simply stop responding to repetitive and harmless stimuli in our environment such as a fan running in your laptop as you work on a paper, and sensitization, or when our reactions are increased due to a strong stimulus, such as an individual who experienced a mugging and now panics when someone walks up behind him/her on the street. This statement aligns MOST closely with the beliefs of which type of theorist? Finally, assertiveness training aids the client in protecting their rights and obtaining what they want from others. b. a. family-social
b. multicultural
c. psychodynamic
d. humanistic-existential, 135. a. equifinality
b. eclectic integration
c. multifinality
d. timing. The strategies arise from all three learning models. 43. d. cognition-focused. ChaeWoo has been participating in weekly therapy for several years. a. gestalt
These medications fall under five major categories. What form of psychotherapy is ChaeWoo receiving? Both the id and the ego:
a. unconsciously seek gratification. How so? This led to a cognitive-behavioral perspective that combines concepts from the behavioral and cognitive models, the latter discussed in the next section. a. depression
b. Huntingtons disease
c. social anxiety disorder
d. schizophrenia. Other examples will be discussed throughout this book. They act as the instructions to make proteins, and it is estimated by the Human Genome Project that we have between 20,000 and 25,000 genes. Positive means that you are giving something good or bad. c. humanistic-existential
Researchers are only now beginning to tease apart the various biological and psychosocial factors that may impact the mental health of both women and men., https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/women-and-mental-health/index.shtml. B) chemical imbalances and brain damage. How effective is the sociocultural model at explaining psychopathology and its treatment. All while doing this, we will identify areas of concern for psychologists focused on the treatment of mental disorders. b. is not led by a professional clinician. During repolarization the neuron will not fire no matter how much stimulation it receives. b. develop depression even when not under stress. Negative means that something is being taken away good or bad.